The history of pharaonic civilization

pharaonic civilization

Ancient Egypt -- a land of mysteries. No other civilization has so captured the imagination of scholars and laypeople alike. Mystery surrounds its origins, its religion and its monumental architecture: colossal temples, pyramids and the enormous Sphinx. The Egyptian pyramids are the most famous of all the ancient monuments, the only remaining wonder of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

Just as life arose from the waters, the seeds of civilization were first sown along the banks of the Nile. This mighty river, which flows north from the heart of Africa to the Mediterranean Sea, nourished the growth of the pharaonic kingdom. The long, narrow flood plain was a magnet for life, attracting people, animals and plants to its banks. In pre-dynastic times, nomadic hunters settled in the valley and began to grow crops to supplement their food supply. Seen as a gift from the gods, the annual flooding of the river deposited nutrient rich silt over the land, creating ideal conditions for growing wheat, flax and other crops. The first communal project of this fledgling society was the building of irrigation canals for agricultural purposes.

 
The sun was a principal deity whose passage across the sky represented the eternal cycle of birth, death and rebirth. The pharaohs were seen as gods, divine representatives on earth who, through rituals, ensured the continuation of life. After death, they became immortal, joining the gods in the after-world.
 

The Egyptians also believed that the body and soul were important to human existence, in life and in death. Their funerary practices, such as mummification and burial in tombs, were designed to assist the deceased find their way in the after-world. The tombs were filled with food, tools, domestic wares, treasures -- all the necessities of life -- to ensure the soul's return to the body so that the deceased would live happily ever after.

1. Obelisk

The obelisk she piece of the granite digs on the land and concentrating in form weak posts flat self square decreases in high and shape of end in small pyramid.wrote on the obelisk custom name of the pharaoh and phrases of the prayer and the supplication for the god who evaluates for him paved. Formation of custom in introduction of the temples, and from her months obelisk Htshbswt and her rise 33.20m, and obelisks of paved short and their one lengthens 25m equated her 257 ton and second present in Paris in arena aalkwnkwrd and lengthens her 22.14 m equated her 220 ton.

2. column

The Egyptians borrowed forms from the nature to beautifying of the posts, and this posts carried later on, name of Venus or the plants which her form took.

The post swears custom to leg and base and crown rises him square cushion of division of the crown about as hill constructive.

• simple column
• papyri-form
• lotiform (Flower of the lotus)
• palmi form
• hatorique  (The god haatwr)
•  composite

3.  Building funereal
It phrase about building which the graves and the pyramids and the benches take.

• Explained what found on him he vaults from the tile, was some her that drawers, then added to him ground room from the tile also pertained to conserving of things deceased and his furniture and from then form of bench became on.                                                                                                                                                                     As for the bench so big graves the employees were, weak pyramidal builder deficient this small door above the land, adequate under him weak room the grave dug underground surrounded in the stone and the main builder higher connects in in what the well rises, covered with stone sleeps difficult his distinction about remainder of stones the surface. The main builder from sections is formed: The vault and paved. 

 

•  Constructive development the  pyramids  in agreement the fourthsecrets, and became temple includes, and in him the people for the blessing and the prayer receive. Connects the funereal temple in the builder by means of road raved stony climbing
   covers room of the grave.
  To already the kings were the pyramids specialized graves for the pharaoh and from her months: Pyramids of Giza is pyramid of khofo (137m) and khfre' (136) and mnkwre' (62m rise). .

4.  Building religious

• Structure of the temples Egyptian for worship the gods and for the Egyptian celebration in the pharaoh the old pharaoh in Egypt the adequate areas submissive for the authority. Was the temples look for on that she the gods stay over or the kings who they pertained for. Inside this temples the Egyptians afflicted the religious rituals different, and your hill the weathers she the essential positions in the Egyptian religion is identical: Presentation of the sacrifices for the gods, and superstitious returning of representation their interactions during celebrations their, and anarchic removal the strength. 

• The edifice it's wall builder expanded 44 meter rises and expanded him 113m and his fisherman of seated 15m and his thickness decreases gradual with the rise and be in the middle the edifice raved entrance paved main, ibex page of the wall intaglios and writings Hieroglyphics language the war works and the triumphs indicate to.