The transformation
from government towards the emerging urban governance has been spread globally
as a result of the political aftermath of globalization and privatization (W.
Bayoumi, 2009).Urban governance refers to a shift in the role of the formal
governments and massive redistributions of the former governmental duties among
public, private, voluntary and household groups. This process helps to blend
and coordinate public and private interests within the national context. Urban governance
refers to processes of regulation, coordination and controlling the conflicted
interests between the public and private sectors and different governmental
bodies.
Therefore one of
the most important changes which marks the shift from government towards governance
is to empower the residents particularly in specific areas and neighborhoods.
Thus it is expected not only the local government to be involved in the decision-making
process, but also housing associations, local residents, private developers,
market parties and non-governmental organizations. It is a pragmatic policy
style, interactive public-private exchange, excluding the local settlers from
participating in the decision making process or to engage with the local
government. As gated communities are built on privately held land, they can formulate
rules and regulations regarding the expected conduct of the members of the
community.
Now, we can
notice and understand the concept of urban governance in Egypt through the new
trend of gated communities and how the legal authority have been transferred to
persons or organizations. The shift towards private urban operation and
management in gated communities is a new trend towards urban governance in Egypt.
Such private governance within the boundaries of gated communities weakens the
role of the state.
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